Second, we used methods adapted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 8 to estimate the YLL due to unintentional opioid toxicity (eTable 3 in Supplement 1). First, we determined the proportion of all deaths attributable to unintentional opioid toxicity by year and age group (15-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, and 60-74 years) using age-specific estimates of all-cause mortality as the denominator. We defined the burden of unintentional deaths due to opioid toxicity in 2 ways. 6 We sought to characterize the growing societal burden of unintentional opioid-related deaths in the US and examine patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic and across demographic subgroups of the population.īurden of Unintentional Opioid Toxicity–Related Deaths In 2016, deaths due to opioid toxicity resulted in an estimated 1.68 million years of life lost (YLL) in the US, 3 and in 2019, it was estimated that more than half of all deaths due to drug toxicity worldwide occurred in the US. 4, 5 In 2020, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported 68 630 opioid-related deaths, a 47% increase from 2018. 1, 3 Despite early signals that rates of death due to opioid toxicity slowed between 20, 1 the COVID-19 pandemic carried with it major changes in societal priorities and access to health services that, along with the increasing dangers of the unregulated drug supply, were anticipated to aggravate opioid-related harms. 1, 2 Younger adults represent a disproportionate number of these deaths, 3 with early loss of life imparting a major toll on public health. In the US, the number of deaths due to opioid toxicity has increased from 21 088 in 2010 to nearly 70 000 in 2020, with the increase due primarily to fentanyl and its analogues. Over the past 2 decades, opioid-related harms have emerged as a leading public health crisis in North America. By 2021, 1 of every 22 deaths in the US was attributable to unintentional opioid toxicity, underscoring the urgent need to support people at risk of substance-related harm, particularly men, younger adults, and adolescents. This relative increase was similar across all age groups and sexes with the exception of those aged 15 to 19 years, in whom the YLL nearly tripled, from 1.5 to 3.9 YLL per 1000 population.Ĭonclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study, deaths due to opioid toxicity increased substantially during the COVID-19 pandemic. While YLL plateaued between 2017 (7.0 YLL per 1000) and 2019 (7.2 YLL per 1000), it increased by 62.9% between 20 coincident with the COVID-19 pandemic, reaching 11.7 YLL per 1000 population. The YLL due to opioid toxicity increased 276% over the study period, from 777 597 in 2011 to 2 922 497 in 2021. By 2021, opioid toxicity was responsible for 10.2% of all deaths among those aged 15 to 19 years, 21.7% of deaths among those aged 20 to 29 years, and 21.0% of deaths among those aged 30 to 39 years. Similarly, the percentage of all deaths that were attributed to opioid toxicity increased from 1.8% in 2011 to 4.5% in 2021. The number of unintentional deaths due to opioid toxicity increased 289% over the study period, from 19 395 (2011) to 75 477 (2021). Results Among the 422 605 unintentional deaths due to opioid toxicity between 20, the median age of the individuals was 39 (IQR, 30-51) years, and 69.7% were male. Second, the total years of life lost (YLL) due to unintentional opioid toxicity was estimated, overall and by sex and age group, for each year studied.
First, the proportion of all deaths that were attributable to unintentional opioid toxicity by year (2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019, and 2021) and age group (15-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, and 60-74 years) were calculated, using age-specific estimates of all-cause mortality as the denominator. Main Outcomes and Measures The public health burden of opioid toxicity–related deaths was estimated in 2 ways.
#UNITY HEALTH SYSTEM SERIAL#
Objectives To characterize the societal burden of unintentional opioid-related deaths in the US and describe changing mortality patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic.ĭesign, Setting, and Participants A serial cross-sectional study examined all unintentional opioid-related deaths in the US, evaluated annually from calendar years 2011 to 2021. Importance Opioid-related harms constitute a major public health crisis in the US, and this crisis has worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Shared Decision Making and Communication.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography.
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